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排序方式: 共有162条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Xingjian Jin Ashraf M. Mohieldin Brian S. Muntean Jill A. Green Jagesh V. Shah Kirk Mykytyn Surya M. Nauli 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2014,71(11):2165-2178
Primary cilia with a diameter of ~200 nm have been implicated in development and disease. Calcium signaling within a primary cilium has never been directly visualized and has therefore remained a speculation. Fluid-shear stress and dopamine receptor type-5 (DR5) agonist are among the few stimuli that require cilia for intracellular calcium signal transduction. However, it is not known if these stimuli initiate calcium signaling within the cilium or if the calcium signal originates in the cytoplasm. Using an integrated single-cell imaging technique, we demonstrate for the first time that calcium signaling triggered by fluid-shear stress initiates in the primary cilium and can be distinguished from the subsequent cytosolic calcium response through the ryanodine receptor. Importantly, this flow-induced calcium signaling depends on the ciliary polycystin-2 calcium channel. While DR5-specific agonist induces calcium signaling mainly in the cilioplasm via ciliary CaV1.2, thrombin specifically induces cytosolic calcium signaling through the IP3 receptor. Furthermore, a non-specific calcium ionophore triggers both ciliary and cytosolic calcium responses. We suggest that cilia not only act as sensory organelles but also function as calcium signaling compartments. Cilium-dependent signaling can spread to the cytoplasm or be contained within the cilioplasm. Our study thus provides the first model to understand signaling within the cilioplasm of a living cell. 相似文献
12.
通过扫描电子显微镜微观观察的方法对三酸化学抛光液中各组分对铜合金表面抛光效果的影响进行了研究.结果表明,采用微观观察法能够更直观有效地研究各组分对铜合金表面抛光效果的影响,在此基础上,获得铜合金表面最佳抛光液:磷酸200~300ml/L、硫酸200~400ml/L(磷酸+硫酸500~600ml/L)、硝酸200~250ml/L(紫铜)、40~150ml/L(黄铜)、盐酸5~15ml/L.经处理的铜合金表面不仅外观光亮、微观平整,而且铜合金表面制备的转化膜中性盐雾测试时间更长、防腐性能更好.根据扫描电子显微镜观察铜合金微观形貌获得最佳抛光液组成的方法,简单方便、准确有效 相似文献
13.
New Sivapithecus humeri from Pakistan and the relationship of Sivapithecus and Pongo 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
New humeri of two species of the Miocene hominoid Sivapithecus are described from near Chinji in Pakistan from between approximately 9 and 11 Myr ago. Sivapithecus, a middle and late Miocene hominoid from Turkey and Indo-Pakistan, is overall unlike any living hominoid, although facial-palatal similarities to the extant orangoutan, Pongo, have been used to support a hypothesis of close relationship. Living hominoids have postcranial similarities assumed to be shared derived, among them features of the proximal humerus. However, the new Sivapithecus proximal humeri differ from those of living hominoids, supporting an alternative hypothesis in which Sivapithecus and Pongo are not closely related. It is not clear how to choose between these incompatible hypotheses. 相似文献
14.
Given a set of pairwise distances on a set of n points, constructing an edgeweighted tree whose leaves are these n points
such that the tree distances would mimic the original distances under some criteria is a fundamental problem. One such criterion
is to preserve the ordinal relation between the pairwise distances. The ordinal relation can be of the form of total order
on the distances or it can be some partial order specified on the pairwise distances. We show that the problem of finding
a weighted tree, if it exists, which would preserve the total order on pairwise distances is NP-hard. We also show the NP-hardness
of the problem of finding a weighted tree which would preserve a particular kind of partial order called a triangle order,
one of the most fundamental partial orders considered in computational biology. 相似文献
15.
16.
Evidence for ubiquitous strong electron-phonon coupling in high-temperature superconductors 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lanzara A Bogdanov PV Zhou XJ Kellar SA Feng DL Lu ED Yoshida T Eisaki H Fujimori A Kishio K Shimoyama JI Noda T Uchida S Hussain Z Shen ZX 《Nature》2001,412(6846):510-514
Coupling between electrons and phonons (lattice vibrations) drives the formation of the electron pairs responsible for conventional superconductivity. The lack of direct evidence for electron-phonon coupling in the electron dynamics of the high-transition-temperature superconductors has driven an intensive search for an alternative mechanism. A coupling of an electron with a phonon would result in an abrupt change of its velocity and scattering rate near the phonon energy. Here we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to probe electron dynamics-velocity and scattering rate-for three different families of copper oxide superconductors. We see in all of these materials an abrupt change of electron velocity at 50-80 meV, which we cannot explain by any known process other than to invoke coupling with the phonons associated with the movement of the oxygen atoms. This suggests that electron-phonon coupling strongly influences the electron dynamics in the high-temperature superconductors, and must therefore be included in any microscopic theory of superconductivity. 相似文献
17.
RK Koenekoop H Wang J Majewski X Wang I Lopez H Ren Y Chen Y Li GA Fishman M Genead J Schwartzentruber N Solanki EI Traboulsi J Cheng CV Logan M McKibbin BE Hayward DA Parry CA Johnson M Nageeb;Finding of Rare Disease Genes 《Nature genetics》2012,44(9):1035-1039
Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a blinding retinal disease that presents within the first year after birth. Using exome sequencing, we identified mutations in the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) synthase gene NMNAT1 encoding nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 in eight families with LCA, including the family in which LCA was originally linked to the LCA9 locus. Notably, all individuals with NMNAT1 mutations also have macular colobomas, which are severe degenerative entities of the central retina (fovea) devoid of tissue and photoreceptors. Functional assays of the proteins encoded by the mutant alleles identified in our study showed that the mutations reduce the enzymatic activity of NMNAT1 in NAD biosynthesis and affect protein folding. Of note, recent characterization of the slow Wallerian degeneration (Wld(s)) mouse model, in which prolonged axonal survival after injury is observed, identified NMNAT1 as a neuroprotective protein when ectopically expressed. Our findings identify a new disease mechanism underlying LCA and provide the first link between endogenous NMNAT1 dysfunction and a human nervous system disorder. 相似文献
18.
Extensive and coordinated transcription of noncoding RNAs within cell-cycle promoters 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
19.
Ahmad Hussain Xijun Xu Guoliang Yuan Yiping Wang Ying Yang Jiang Yin Junming Liu Zhiguo Liu 《科学通报(英文版)》2014,(36):5161-5169
The multiferroic properties of Bi Fe O3-based ceramics were improved through optimizing their sintering method and doping with certain rare earth elements in pure Bi Fe O3. Some methods, especially liquid-phase sintering method has largely decreased the densities of oxygen vacancies and Fe2in Bi Fe O3-based ceramics, and thus their resistivity became high enough to measure the saturated polarization and the large piezoelectric d33 coefficient under the high electric field of [150 k V/cm. Besides,multiferroic properties were improved through the rare earth elements’ doping in pure Bi Fe O3. Magnetization commonly increases with the proportional increase of Nd,La, Sm and Dy contents up to *30 %, while ferroelectric phase can transform to paraelectric phase at a certain proportion. An improved magnetoelectric coupling was often observed at ferroelectric phase with a relatively large proportion. Besides, an enhanced piezoelectric coefficient is expected in Bi Fe O3-based ceramics with morphotropic phase boundaries as they are already observed in thin epitaxial Bi Fe O3 films. 相似文献
20.
Lubka-Pathak M Shah AA Gallozzi M Müller M Zimmermann U Löwenheim H Pfister M Knipper M Blin N Schimmang T 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2011,68(16):2739-2749